The FIA European Principal Traders Association (FIA EPTA) appreciates the opportunity to provide feedback to the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) on the consultation on the impact of the requirements under MiFID II/MiFIR regarding algorithmic trading, including high-frequency algorithmic trading. Our members are independent market makers and providers of liquidity and risk transfer on trading venues and end-investors across Europe. Market making and liquidity provision (also referred to as principal trading or dealing on own account) is a distinct activity that is undertaken by non-systemic investment firms rather than banks, in a highly dispersed and varied ecosystem of independent Principal Trading Firms. These firms operate in an innovative and competitive fashion leading to a vibrant, dynamic and diverse ecosystem which massively reduces interconnectedness and increases substitutability. This fundamentally reduces systemic risk whilst improving market quality and lowering costs for retail and institutional investors alike. FIA EPTA members appreciate ESMA’s consideration of our comments and suggested solutions and stand ready to provide any further input as required.